In March 2017, NHS England announced it will rationalise or even eliminate NHS prescribing of travel vaccines to save £9.5 million annually.30 This may generate additional interest for pharmacy-based travel clinics, especially for those that have traditionally been free from the GP.

Numark is among the pharmacy organisations offering its members advice on aspects such as risk assessment for foreign travel, and clinical and business practicalities around setting up a travel service.31

Pharmacies wanting to provide travel vaccination can do so under a patient group direction. Several companies licence 'off-the-peg' PGDs for individual vaccines which can be used within a wider travel health or general vaccination service.

Multiple pharmacy groups publish travel vaccine fees, which may help guide an independent pharmacy's pricing schedule. Published prices range from around £30 for typhoid to over £200 for combined hepatitis A and B.

Note that yellow fever vaccinations may only be administered in designated vaccination centres due to international health regulations. The NaTHNaC Yellow Fever Zone sets out how to go about applying to become a designated yellow fever vaccination centre (YFVC). A centre must have a responsible supervising clinician (RSC) who can be a doctor, a nurse prescriber or a pharmacist prescriber. The RSC will need to complete face-to-face training and online assessment.27

Accredited YFVCs can issue an International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis (ICVP) which the traveller will need to show in order to enter certain countries.