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  • Diet and lifestyle modification are crucial at all stages of type 2 diabetes and should be reinforced at every review
  • Structured education programmes have a range of benefits and help patients to take control of their own care
  • Effective glycaemic control can slow the development of long-term micro and macrovascular complications
  • To maximise adherence, people should be offered a management programme that suits their priorities
  • Routine monitoring is necessary to optimise care, with HbA1c levels being checked every three to six months, depending on stability of levels
  • A target of 48mmol/mol (6.5 per cent) is appropriate for most patients, and blood glucose lowering medicines should be intensified to reach the desired target
  • Blood pressure management and lipid modification are important considerations.
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